There are may test on aggregates needs to be perform before using in construction. Aggregates plays important role in construction. But highly important in payment construction. Aggregates influences to great extend to load transfer in pavement.

Aggregates should be hard, tough durable, free from impurities.

Also read: Properties of aggregates>>>

Also read: Types of aggregates>>>

Also read: How to select the aggregates for construction>>>

Also read: Grading of aggregates>>>

 

There are so many tests are there to test aggregates against, hardness, fineness, strength, shape & size, impact, wear and tear etc. Some of the important tests are listed below,

Test on Aggregates:

1.      Sieve Analysis/ Grading of aggregates

1. The Sieve analysis test is nothing but the gradation test, in which gradation of particle (distribution of aggregates by size, within given sample) is find out.
   1. The gradation is also required to find out suitability of aggregates for construction, its strength and durability. To read more click here>>>
   1. Fineness modulus of Fine Aggregates: Fineness modulus of sand is a index number, which represent the mean size of particle in sand. Fineness modulus is found by performing the sieve analysis.  Click here to know more>>>
   1. Fineness modulus of Coarse Aggregates: Fineness modulus of coarse aggregate is a index number, which represent the mean size of particle in coarse aggregates.  Click here to know more>>>

2. Impact Test:

3.      Shape Test

• The shape test of aggregates determines the shape and size od particle.
• Size & shape of aggregates directly has impact on strength of concrete, bond strength, workability of concrete, cement requirement and cost required for concrete.
• Rounded, elongated and flaky aggregates offer good workability but less bond strength and mechanical strength.
• Angular & irregular aggregates offers lesser workability but good bond strength and mechanical strength.
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4.      Crushing Test

• The Crushing test is used to test crushing strength of pavement materials.
• The crushing test of aggregate is used to determine the resistance to crushing under gradually applied load.
• This test is performed on aggregates used for road works.
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 5.      Abrasion Test

Abrasion test is carried out to find out hardness of aggregates. And it is mostly used when aggregates used to be in road construction.

• Abrasion test is carried out with help of Los Angeles machine and that’s why it can be also called Los Angeles Abrasion test.
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 6.      Soundness Test

• Soundness test if aggregate is to determine the resistance of aggregates for weathering action like variation of temperature, rain, throws etc.
• The porous and less density aggregates are more prone to freezing and throwing action also the disintegration is quick and premature.
• Using such aggregates in road construction is not only degrade the road quality but can cause accidents and poor-quality road work.
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 7.      Specific Gravity & Water Absorption

• Specific gravity and water absorption of aggregates are most important properties of aggregates which needs to be considered while designing concrete and roads.
• Specific gravity is important to find out quantity, quality and toughness of aggregates
• Water absorption is important to know percentage of water absorption, porousness of aggregates.
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 8.      Bitumen Adhesion Test

• Normally bitumen adheres to aggregates when aggregates are free from dust, debris, foreign particles and moisture.
• In absence of water, bitumen performs well adheres to aggregates. But in presence of water the adhesion with bitumen and aggregates start to decrease. Water decreases the bond between aggregates and bitumen. This is why water is called Enemy of road construction.
• Adhesion is difficult when aggregates are wet and cold. So precautionary measures need to be taken to remove moisture from aggregates. Also water causes stripling of binder from coated aggregates.
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  LIST OF IS CODES RELATED TO TEST ON AGGREGATES:

Tests for Aggregates with IS codes
Property of Aggregate	Type of Test	Test Method
Crushing strength	Crushing test	IS : 2386 (part 4)
Hardness	Los Angeles abrasion test	IS : 2386 (Part 5)
Toughness	Aggregate impact test	IS : 2386 (Part 4)
Durability	Soundness test	IS : 2386 (Part 5)
Shape factors	Shape test	IS : 2386 (Part 1)
Specific gravity and porosity	Specific gravity test and water absorption test	IS : 2386 (Part 3)
Adhesion to bitumen	Stripping value of aggregate	IS : 6241-1971

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